什么是土建工程？
“土建(jian)(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”：即(ji)土木(mu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，是(shi)土木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和(he)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)總稱。是(shi)一門(men)為人類日(ri)子(zi)、生(sheng)產、防護(hu)等活動(dong)締造各(ge)(ge)類設(she)(she)施與(yu)場(chang)(chang)所的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)學科，涵蓋了地上(shang)、地下、陸地、水(shui)(shui)上(shang)、水(shui)(shui)劣等各(ge)(ge)領域(yu)內的(de)(de)房子(zi)、路(lu)途、鐵路(lu)、機場(chang)(chang)、橋梁、水(shui)(shui)利、港(gang)口、地道(dao)、給排水(shui)(shui)、防護(hu)等諸工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)范(fan)圍內的(de)(de)設(she)(she)施與(yu)場(chang)(chang)所內的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu)、構(gou)筑(zhu)物(wu)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)物(wu)的(de)(de)締造，其既包含工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)締造過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)(de)勘察、規劃、施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、維護(hu)、管(guan)理等各(ge)(ge)項技術活動(dong)，又包含締造過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)所耗的(de)(de)資料、設(she)(she)備與(yu)物(wu)品。
土木建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)涉及國民(min)經濟中各行各業的(de)(de)存(cun)在、活動(dong)與開展(zhan)，沒(mei)有土木建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為其(qi)修建(jian)(jian)活動(dong)的(de)(de)空間和場所，就談不上各行各業的(de)(de)存(cun)在與開展(zhan)。這全部(bu)都說明(ming)晰土木建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)重要性，故又稱土木建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)締造(zao)為基礎締造(zao)。
現(xian)時一般的(de)土建(jian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項(xiang)目包含：房子、路途(tu)、水(shui)務、渠務、防洪(hong)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)及交通等。曩昔從前將全部非軍事(shi)用途(tu)的(de)民用工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項(xiang)目歸類入本(ben)類，但隨著(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)科(ke)學日(ri)益寬廣，不少原(yuan)來歸于土建(jian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)范(fan)圍的(de)內容都已經(jing)獨立成科(ke)。
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